Science and Uncertainty

My definition of science is : ways to prove what we know and what we are yet to know. Science is used by almost every person in the world to understand how everything works through proofs. However every time something is proved it is not necessarily true. Science 'updates' itself all the time, every time a new theory is made or a new scientific proof is found the old one has to be abandoned. For example people at first thought that the earth was flat and this theory was kept for some time. however after years it was found that the Earth is actually round. But is it really true? there are more proofs for the latter theory than the first one but it is always questionable. science is not fully true but it is all we have to prove whats around us or inside us. So why do we still believe what science teaches us? science is one of the only thing that we can rely on apart from religion to understand the world and although somethings are not understandable and some questions are not yet answered we can still rely on science for the rest. Science answers some questions that other fields cant.

Indigenous knowledge beliefs: the karamojong.

The Karamojong are a tribe in northern Uganda known for their cattle culture and non western style which includes a piece of black and red cloth as a dress and detailed beading worn by women. The Karamojong are very marginalized in Uganda and have a reputation to be a very  violent tribe. although the Ugandan government has sent troops of the military to decrease the viloence by the karamojong people, most people believe that violence is part of their tribe, but is it really? The Karamojong people's livelihood activity is herding livestock and since the climate at Karamoja changes over the year, the karamojong move their livestock to neighboring districts for 4 months a year to search for water for their cattle.  This causes conflicts in the neighboring countries with the karamojong due to their frequent cattle raids. for the past couple of years the climate in Karamoja changed dramatically to either extreme flooding or drought. This caused more movement by the poor Karamoja people to neighboring districts as they now search  not only for water for their cattle but also food and water for themselves. This caused great conflicts with other tribes in the districts around Karamoja and made the karamojong people very defensive and violent as this is their only way to survive with their own tradition.

Is History a science

Although history considers and deals with facts, it also takes peoples opinions which may be based on facts but mostly may be a bit changed. Unlike science, history lacks predictive value and although it is a valuable record of happenings it can not be considered as science as a whole.  History seems to revolve around the use of evidence-based methods to discern the truth however unlike science 
which definite, Hstory events are always open to
 interpretation. Science can be measures, history cannot. And as the famous saying says ' history is written by the winner'; you never know if the sources of history is true unless you have evidence. For science there is always evidence. in conclusion i believe that History cannot be a science but science can be history.

A moral dilemma

Embryonic stem cells 

Embryonic stem cell treatment is when an early embtryo is destroyed to obtain it's cells and replacing them with diffrebciated cells lost due to injury and disease. 

Embryonic stem cells research poses a moral dilemma: 

providing the duty to prevent or reduce suffering or the duty to respect the value of human life. 

Now imagine you are a Parkinson or Alzheimer's patient and the only way to relieve the disease symptoms is to replace the lost brain cells is with embryonic stem cells. Would u kill a possible human being when it is an embryo and get your normal life back by recovering from the disease or would u not get the treatment but save the death of an embryo? 

Reflection on Greg Craven's logic

Greg's logic evolves around the opportunity of identifying the possible outcomes of a certain issue. In his example he explains and identifies the possible outcomes of global warming.

Greg's logic makes it easier and simpler to make up a decision , since we are revealed and aware to the following consequences of our decision in which therefore helps us to come up with the most ideal decision. He narrows the options down into 2 columns which gives us to options to chose from. Although in option A we could ultimately save the earth from global warming, there will be a great money loss if global warming does not eventually happen. In option B there could be a less money loss but still some money can be lost if there will be global warming. Even though most people will chose option A to be safe I think that it can cause a great economical depression which can affect most of the work in many different ways .

An example using his logic is if a natural disaster is happening in a country and Uganda wants to send troops to help the injured people. If they send the aid troops there could be a great help on the other country and many lives could be saved however the people that are going to help can be caught in the natural disaster. On the other hand  if aid is not sent a lot of people will not get enough medical help and people can die or get even more injured but the troops will not get caught in very dangerous situation.

Is seeing believing?

Seeing is an important feature  to believing. when people don't see they may not fully believe. this can be explained in an example like when a person hears about an event but has not been there to see what happened may not fully believe the person that told him about the event. another example is when people often say 'show me', they want to see it in order to believe that it is true . However does believing what you see means that it is true? not necessarily. When the media shows pictures of hurt people and children, the viewers mostly believe and assume that what is said is true even without knowing what really happened. this can be an example that what we see is not necessarily the truth. Also seeing can change other perceptions; it is very easy to trick a persons sense of taste by changing the colours of food and drinks. This shows us how unreliable our sense of vision can be. We believe things using past experiences and memories and therefore relating the present to the past. A person may know that green food and drinks are not normal and therefore may taste it differently than what it actually is.

language and thought

Does a language shape how you think?
There are many ways in which a language can shape how you think. one way is the amount of words and adjectives we know. the more adjectives we know the more we are able to express ourselves and describe things around us and the more extensive we can think. Another way is the way the language associates with words. for example many languages make objects either feminine or masculine. This makes the language speaker to think as the object in a certain way. Also some languages have different tones for different objects which also effects the speakers thinking about the object. Moreover there are different ways in which different languages describe directions (south, north, west, east or left and right) this affects the way people think and see the environment and the see world. 

Can a concept exist without words to describe it?
This can be argued on. however a tribe called Amondawa has a language that lacks any terms that associate with time or space. there are no words for ages or dates or even directions however it does not mean that the people of the tribe do not have a sense of time or space they just did not have technologies such as calenders to make the concept have actual words.


identify the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis and its limits

Sapir Whorf's hypothesis states that 'languages differ essentially in what they must convey and not in what they may convey'. There are many different language spoken around the world and each language is structured differently. This affects our perception on the environment, people, objects and concepts like time and space. it affects our view on the whole world.